# Instant Redemption

### What are redemptions?

A redemption is the process of exchanging BAI for the collateral asset (e.g. ASTR) at face value, as if 1 BAI is exactly worth $1. That is, for `x` BAI you get `x` Dollars worth of asset in return.

Users can redeem their BAI for the collateral asset at any time without limitations. However, a redemption fee might be charged on the redeemed amount.

Taking ETH as a collateral example, if the current redemption fee is 1%, the price of ETH is $500 and you redeem 100 BAI, you would get 0.198 ETH (0.2 ETH minus a redemption fee of 0.002 ETH).

Note that the redeemed amount is taken into account for calculating the base rate and might have an impact on the redemption fee, especially if the amount is large.

### How does BAI closely follow the price of USD?&#x20;

The ability to redeem BAI for the collateral assets at face value (i.e. 1 BAI for $1 of the collateral asset) and the minimum collateral ratio for the corresponding asset, jointly create a price floor and price ceiling (respectively) through arbitrage opportunities. We call these "hard peg mechanisms" since they are based on direct processes.&#x20;

BAI also benefits from less direct mechanisms for USD parity — called "soft peg mechanisms". One of these mechanisms is parity as a Schelling point. Since AstridDAO treats BAI as being equal to USD, parity between the two is an implied equilibrium state of the protocol. Another of these mechanisms is the borrowing fee on new debts. As redemptions increase (implying BAI is below $1), so too does the `baseRate` — making borrowing less attractive which keeps new BAI from hitting the market and driving the price below $1.&#x20;

### Is a redemption the same as paying back my debt?&#x20;

No, redemptions are a completely separate mechanism. All one has to do to pay back their debt is adjust their Vault's debt and collateral.&#x20;

### How is the redemption fee calculated?

Under normal operation, the redemption fee is given by the formula `(baseRate + 0.5%) *` collateral drawn.

### How is the `baseRate` calculated?

Redemption fees are based on the `baseRate` state variable in AstridDAO, which is dynamically updated. The `baseRate` increases with each redemption, and decays according to time passed since the last fee event - i.e. the last redemption or issuance of BAI.

Upon each redemption:

* `baseRate` is decayed based on time passed since the last fee event
* `baseRate` is incremented by an amount proportional to the fraction of the total BAI supply that was redeemed
* The redemption fee is given by `(baseRate  + 0.5%) *` collateral drawn.

### As a borrower, do I lose money if I'm redeemed against?&#x20;

If your Vault is redeemed against, you _do not_ incur a net loss. However, you will lose some of your collateral exposure. Your Vault's collateral ratio will also improve (i.e. increase) after a redemption.&#x20;

### **What happens if my Vault is redeemed against?**

When BAI is redeemed, the collateral asset provided to the redeemer is allocated from the Vault(s) with the lowest collateral ratio (even if it is above `110%`). If at the time of redemption you have the Vault with the lowest ratio, you will give up some of your collateral, but your debt will be reduced accordingly. &#x20;

The USD value by which your collateral is reduced corresponds to the nominal BAI amount by which your Vault's debt is decreased. You can think of redemptions as if somebody else is repaying your debt and retrieving an equivalent amount of your collateral. As a positive side effect, redemptions improve the collateral ratio of the affected Vaults, making them less risky.

Redemptions that do not reduce your debt to 0 are called partial redemptions, while redemptions that fully pay off a Vault's debt are called full redemptions. In such a case, your Vault is closed, and you can claim your collateral surplus and the Liquidation Reserve at any time.&#x20;

Let’s say you own a Vault with `2 ETH` collateralized and a debt of `3,200 BAI`. The current price of ETH is `$2,000`. This puts your collateral ratio (CR) at `125% (= 100% * (2 * 2,000) / 3,200)`. Let’s imagine this is the lowest CR in the AstridDAO system and look at two examples of a partial redemption and a full redemption:

**Example of a partial redemption**

Somebody redeems `1,200 BAI` for `0.6 ETH` and thus repays `1,200 BAI` of your debt, reducing it from `3,200 BAI` to `2,000 BAI`. In return, `0.6 ETH,` worth `$1,200`, is transferred from your Vault to the redeemer. Your collateral goes down from `2 to 1.4 ETH`, while your collateral ratio goes up from `125%` to `140% (= 100% * (1.4 * 2,000) / 2,000)`.

**Example of a full redemption**

Somebody redeems `6,000 BAI` for `3 ETH`. Given that the redeemed amount is larger than your debt minus `10 BAI` (set aside as a Liquidation Reserve), your debt of `3,200 BAI` is entirely cleared and your collateral gets reduced by `$3,190` of ETH, leaving you with a collateral of`0.405 ETH (= 2 - 3,190 / 2,000)`.

### How can I avoid being redeemed against?&#x20;

The best way to avoid being redeemed against is by maintaining a high collateral ratio relative to the rest of the Vaults in the system. Remember: The riskiest Vaults (i.e. lowest collateralized Vaults) are first in line when a redemption takes place.&#x20;

